#我也是看法白才知道:你知道 426 是什麼日子嗎(雖然過了一個月)
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對很多人來說 426 是個諧音梗,但事實上「426」對於世界經濟來說是個舉足輕重的日子。
1970 年 4 月 26 日,《建立世界智慧財產權組織公約》生效,世界智慧財產權組織正式成立,2000 年中國(ㄏㄏ)跟阿爾及利亞提案了關於建立「世界智慧財產權日」的提案,獲大會通過,世界智慧財產權日由此設立。
這個日子提醒了世人知識創新和保護智慧財產權法律環境的重要性。
但著作權法也有死角,就是「時尚製造業」!
電影《穿著 PRADA 的惡魔》(看過應該都有一定的年紀吧!),有一段提到從伸展台到賣場花車的「時尚演變」——山寨的時尚設計卻是合法的。
為什麼呢?這是來自美國法中的「有用物品原則」。如果物品的創意與實用性緊密結合,那他就並不受到著作權的保護,所以諸如衣服、家居、燈具,會因為「有用物品原則」而不受到著作權保護。
但是並非所有服飾產品的一切都不受到保護,像是有名的時尚品牌的商標、或是還在紙上的設計圖,只要是實用物品上可以被分離辨認,並且可以獨立存在作為「著作」,而非物品的「功能」時,還是會受到著作權的保護。
如果具有實用功能的商品被著作權法保護,會導致長期獨占壟斷,將嚴重影響同業競爭者的權益,將產生不公平的現象。
所以在商品形狀本身具有特定使用功能的情形,而較能發揮它本身的使用目的貨製造的經濟效益,取得市場競爭優勢,就會被認為這個造型設計的主要目的並非滿足美感的需要。簡單來說,不是以美感為特徵,就不會受到著作權法的保護。
精品品牌 Celine 和 Givenchy 曾經起訴過台灣公司,主張這些公司生產的包包侵害了他們旗下包款的著作權權。進一步來說,是侵害了「包款設計」,也就是他們享有的「美術著作」。
案件後來上訴到最高法院,最高法院認定,被認為侵權的商品設計,只是要讓產品發揮其功能,或為了確保商品工的設計,並非以美感為特徵而表現思想或感情的創作,進而認為台灣公司沒有侵害精品公司的著作權。
不過法院也提到,台灣公司的「致敬行為」不僅讓消費者混淆誤認,無異是攀附國際品牌商譽的行為,認為違反了公平交易法,必須登報道歉。
但這並意味著法律全無用武之地,像是著名的三宅一生就把設計師所設計的特別造型的幾何和設計包包申請為商標,成功在台灣註冊商標。雖然跟著作權的保障有所不同,但是還是透過這樣的方式用法律在商業利益上築起一道護城河(不得不說,從申請到註冊成功確實花了不少「時間與精力」。)
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法白之前跟 Plain-me 品牌服裝第一站 合作的小包,市面上有很多致敬款,做為台灣首屈一指的設計小包,縱然有再多委屈,也只能暫且把痛苦吞入腹內,期待消費者可以用雪亮眼睛,看到小包在外觀與材質上遠勝於「致敬款」之處。
雖然時尚圈似乎是個法律到不了的地方,但我們始終相信,消費者的每次消費都是在做一個選擇跟投票,如果法律暫且對這些「致敬行為」無能為力,或許消費者們用新台幣下架是最好的選擇。
現在下架酷東西🏃♀️ https://plainlaw.me/store/product/plain-me/
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#法律白話文運動 #Plainme
plain me 徵 才 在 羅展鵬 /Lo Chan Peng Facebook 的最讚貼文
時尚設計大師溫慶珠訪談羅展鵬第1/4篇
在幽暗曠野上尋光的孩子
文字/鍾瑩貞 CHUNG Yin Chen
引言:
像是拋棄世俗皮囊般,他選擇獨自背上行囊,一個人前往未知,緩慢以自我步調行走在曠野之上。路上,偶爾會有小狗陪伴,但常常僅是無聲,一股像是穿越時空的沉默,足以讓人挖掘、掏空、反芻、打破、再生,一次又一次,重覆再重覆,他不厭其煩的想用畫筆尋找自我,尋找內在那個隱藏已久卻閃閃發光的孩子……
內文:
他說:「永遠都要面對未知,像在曠野裡徘徊尋找,才會找到一條路。走著走著,可能發現前行的大師們早已經過,我會發現他們殘餘的篝火,也會依稀看到一點新方向,接著,繼續摸索的走下去……我覺得創作像是如此。」
從最早的草莓族系列作品,陰鬱中充滿光鮮色彩,一絲不苟、比照片更加真實的具象繪畫;到近期卸下大量色彩、拋棄巨幅畫布,轉換為一種更加純粹、沉靜的氛圍,你會以為他變了,但其實他只是選擇了反璞歸真。「我的人生有兩個階段,以前是想超越人類的手,挑戰極限,力求完美且十分巨大;但現在,我是跟空間、氣候、季節、溫度與濕度一起作畫,我想回到『手的溫度』,它有缺點,但缺點就是我,也是人類的魅力。」
一開始畫大眾所謂的「美女」時,就只是畫生活週遭的友人,想藉由她們傳達身分認同、國族認同、貧富差距等問題,也想挖掘屬於台灣印記的文化特徵,因為他認為台灣從根本論述上就避諱談「如何面對自己」。 (待續)
Know more about Lo Chan Peng 1/4
The Child Seeking for Light on the Dim Plains
By CHUNG Yin Chen
Prologue
As if trying to be rid of the mundanity of the world, he chooses to travel solo into the unknown with a rucksack on his back, paving his way through the plains at his own pace. The occasional company of a puppy on the journey is often silent, a silence that pierces through time and space, encouraging one to investigate, empty, reiterate, break away and reborn over and over again, as he tirelessly seeks for the hidden yet radiant child within himself through his paint brushes.
Content
He says: “One is always faced with the unknow, as if searching for a trail on a wild plain. The past masters may have already made the same journey, and I may find new directions from the ashes left from their campfires and continue to explore the path…I sense that making art is just like this.”
From the hyperrealistic figurative paintings of the early “Strawberry Generation” series which consist of bright colours with contrasting dark atmosphere to Lo’s recent abandonment of large-scale canvases and vivid colours in favour of unalloyed and tranquil compositions, one may wonder if he had changed. But as a matter of fact, he had not altered at all, he had simply chosen to go back to the purest beginning of his art. “There have been two different stages in my life. I had wanted to challenge the human capacity in pursue of perfection and grandeur, but now I work with the space, weather, season, temperature and humidity around me, for I want to deliver the “warmth of my hands” despite their flaws. The flaws are part of me, and they are also the charms of human as a species.”
The paintings of the so-called “beauties” in the public eye were simply portraits of friends within Lo’s social circle. Through the portraits of these females, the artist aimed to explore multiple social issues such as identity, nationality, economic inequality, as well as investigating the cultural significance that is unique to Taiwan as a nation. For he believed the question of “how to inspect oneself” has always been avoided in the Taiwanese society...(to be continued)
plain me 徵 才 在 玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu Facebook 的最佳貼文
【玳瑚師父佛學論】 《心中有佛》
Having The Buddha in Your Heart (English version below)
很多人對於供佛菩薩神明有很錯的理念。現代人追求一切從簡。想供佛,求這個,求那個,卻又不要給祂這個,不要給祂那個。
有人說:“心中有佛就可以了!”
心中有佛,不是一般人可以講的。佛法是什麽,你都說不上來,如何心中有佛?你心中有佛,怎麽還會講別人是非呢?你心中有佛,怎麽還會有貪、嗔、痴、妒、慢、疑呢?怎麽没有皈依,還阻止別人學佛向善呢?
更有人說:“神明應該比較大方一點,不要跟我們這些凡夫計較。”
爲什麽神明就一定要比較大方?祂能成神,又不是因爲你。你自己懶惰吝嗇,就不要怪罪在佛菩薩身上。記得,我們所做、所說、所想的一切都有鬼神在做記錄。
讓吾提醒你,佛菩薩沒有虧欠你。你身上所發生的事情,是你自己的業緣所感召。佛菩薩憐憫衆生的苦,才設方便法門,讓你能消業積福。佛菩薩根本不需要你那幾杯茶,那幾粒水果,祂們當然也不會和你計較。佛國天界所有的,遠遠遠遠超過我們人間。西方極樂世界可是金沙鋪地,隨便掉幾顆沙粒到人間,人看了呱呱大叫,叫價都已經是幾十千,幾十萬了。
家中的檀城代表了這家人的精神。檀城的旺度也決定了這家的興旺。每一個供品都有它的象徵意義。和“种瓜得瓜”的道理一樣,你每天只供一杯清水,就想得到一家平安,有可能嗎?
有人自認很誠心,就隨意地自己動手清洗神像。這是非常無禮的行爲。神的事宜要留給一個真正的師父做。你身上有業障不清淨,不能去觸碰神像,況且,你也不懂得請神送神的儀軌,只是根據自己的心情亂做一通,毫無誠意可言。最令吾啼笑皆非的是,那位“誠心”人士還問吾能不能把家中的檀城給拆了,因爲嫌痲煩。每天只供一杯水,還麻煩嗎?
已結婚的人,每天要懂得慰問伴侶:今天還好嗎?工作還可以嗎?吃飽了嗎?你把佛像請入家門,也是一樣。你可以將你的心事告訴佛菩薩,請祂們加持,但你也要懂得稱呼祂們、照顧祂們和關愛祂們。有戶家庭供奉的是阿彌陀佛,卻一直以爲是釋迦摩尼佛,也有人把所有的菩薩都當作觀世音菩薩,有人教導時,又不肯學。這樣就叫心中有佛嗎?如果一直叫錯伴侶的名字又不肯買禮物給她他,你說她他會相信你心中有她他嗎?
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Many people hold a misconception when it comes to worshiping the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. Modern day people often go for simplicity. They scrimp on the offerings made yet wishing for the sky.
Some say, "It does not matter, as long as I have the Buddha in my heart."
Now, this is not something most people can say. What is the crux of Buddha's teachings? If you do not have a clue, how can the Buddha be in your heart? If you have the Buddha in your heart, why do you still talk behind people's back? Why would you still be afflicted with unwholesome traits of greed, anger, ignorance, jealousy, arrogance and doubt? If you have the Buddha in your heart, why have you not taken refuge in the Triple Gem? Why would you be discouraging others from learning the Dharma and walking the path of kindness?
Another person exclaimed to me, "The Gods should be more magnanimous and bear with us mortals!"
Why should the Gods be tolerant towards you? They ascended to the Heavens not because of you. Do not blame the Gods if you are the lazy and stingy one. Remember this, our every thought, word and action is recorded by the Gods, unseen to our naked eyes.
Let me remind you, the Buddha and Bodhisattvas owe you nothing. All that ever happened to you is a direct result of your own karmic manifestation. The Buddha and Bodhisattvas show their deep compassion to the sufferings of the sentient beings, by showing us the various ways to reduce your karmic afflictions and increase your merits. The Buddha and Bodhisattvas do not mind what your offerings are and certainly do not hanker after your meagre few cups of tea or that few pieces of fruits. These are nothing when compared to the Pure Land of Western Paradise, where the ground is paved with glittering gold and should only a few specks of the gold dust are to descend to our world, it will leave people in awe as we are talking about gold worth tens or hundreds of thousands.
The altar in a house has a huge bearing on the mental state of the occupants. The prosperity on show on the altar has a direct relation to that of the occupants. Every offering has its own symbolic essence. Just like you can only expect a watermelon when u plant a watermelon seed, why do you unrealistically expect blessings for yourself and your family when you only offer a miserable cup of plain water on your altar everyday? How would that be possible?
Some people think of themselves as devout and clean the statues of the Buddha and Bodhisattvas on their altar as and when they please. This is a very disrespectful action. Such activity should only be done by a virtuous Master of a high level of cultivation. You carry with you negative karma and in an impure state, you should not touch the statues in any way. Furthermore, with no formal knowledge of the consecration procedures, you are only conducting the rites based on your own thinking. That is a total lack of sincerity.
I was bemused when this "sincere" person came to ask me if she can dismantle her altar as she finds making a daily offering of water too tedious. How can offering only a cup of plain water daily be troublesome?
For those who are married, do you ask your spouse if he or she is doing well everyday? Or if he or she has had any issues at work? Or if he or she has eaten or not? If you have invited the Buddha and Bodhisattvas to your house, you must treat them the same. You can confide your woes in them and seek their blessings but you must also know how to address them formally, take care of them and love them. There is a family who, for many years, mistook the Amitabha Buddha statue in their altar as that of Shakyamuni Buddha. Yet another person thinks all Bodhisattva statues are the Guan Yin Bodhisattva and when corrected, he refuses to learn. How can such behaviour be having the Buddha in your heart? If you address your spouse by the wrong name or refuses to buy presents for him/her, do you think spouse will believe you when you say that he or she lives in your heart?